A Drosophila model of Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia reveals a critical role for the RNA exosome in neurons

English version

Autoři: Derrick J. Morton ^aff001; Binta Jalloh ^aff002; Lily Kim ^aff001; Isaac Kremsky ^aff001; Rishi J. Nair ^aff001; Khuong B. Nguyen ^aff001; J. Christopher Rounds ^aff002; Maria C. Sterrett ^aff001; Brianna Brown ^aff003; Thalia Le ^aff001; Maya C. Karkare ^aff001; Kathryn D. McGaughey ^aff001; Shaoyi Sheng ^aff001; Sara W. Leung ^aff001; Milo B. Fasken ^aff001; Kenneth H. Moberg ^aff003; Anita H. Corbett ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Biology, RRC 1021, Emory University, NE, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff001; Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Emory University, NE, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff002; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff003; Biochemistry, Cell and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Emory University, NE, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America ^aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: A Drosophila model of Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia reveals a critical role for the RNA exosome in neurons. PLoS Genet 16(7): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008901
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008901

Souhrn

The RNA exosome is an evolutionarily-conserved ribonuclease complex critically important for precise processing and/or complete degradation of a variety of cellular RNAs. The recent discovery that mutations in genes encoding structural RNA exosome subunits cause tissue-specific diseases makes defining the role of this complex within specific tissues critically important. Mutations in the RNA exosome component 3 (EXOSC3) gene cause Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia Type 1b (PCH1b), an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder. The majority of disease-linked mutations are missense mutations that alter evolutionarily-conserved regions of EXOSC3. The tissue-specific defects caused by these amino acid changes in EXOSC3 are challenging to understand based on current models of RNA exosome function with only limited analysis of the complex in any multicellular model in vivo. The goal of this study is to provide insight into how mutations in EXOSC3 impact the function of the RNA exosome. To assess the tissue-specific roles and requirements for the Drosophila ortholog of EXOSC3 termed Rrp40, we utilized tissue-specific RNAi drivers. Depletion of Rrp40 in different tissues reveals a general requirement for Rrp40 in the development of many tissues including the brain, but also highlight an age-dependent requirement for Rrp40 in neurons. To assess the functional consequences of the specific amino acid substitutions in EXOSC3 that cause PCH1b, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology to generate flies that model this RNA exosome-linked disease. These flies show reduced viability; however, the surviving animals exhibit a spectrum of behavioral and morphological phenotypes. RNA-seq analysis of these Drosophila Rrp40 mutants reveals increases in the steady-state levels of specific mRNAs and ncRNAs, some of which are central to neuronal function. In particular, Arc1 mRNA, which encodes a key regulator of synaptic plasticity, is increased in the Drosophila Rrp40 mutants. Taken together, this study defines a requirement for the RNA exosome in specific tissues/cell types and provides insight into how defects in RNA exosome function caused by specific amino acid substitutions that occur in PCH1b can contribute to neuronal dysfunction.

Klíčová slova:

Amino acid substitution – Drosophila melanogaster – Exosomes – Neurons – Phenotypes – RNA interference – RNA structure – Small nucleolar RNA

Zdroje

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