The genetic architecture of the maize progenitor, teosinte, and how it was altered during maize domestication

English version

Autoři: Qiuyue Chen ^aff001; Luis Fernando Samayoa ^aff002; Chin Jian Yang ^aff001; Peter J. Bradbury ^aff003; Bode A. Olukolu ^aff004; Michael A. Neumeyer ^aff001; Maria Cinta Romay ^aff005; Qi Sun ^aff005; Anne Lorant ^aff006; Edward S. Buckler ^aff003; Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra ^aff006; James B. Holland ^aff002; John F. Doebley ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America ^aff001; Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America ^aff002; US Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America ^aff003; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America ^aff004; Genomic Diversity Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America ^aff005; Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America ^aff006; US Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America ^aff007
Vyšlo v časopise: The genetic architecture of the maize progenitor, teosinte, and how it was altered during maize domestication. PLoS Genet 16(5): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008791
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008791

Souhrn

The genetics of domestication has been extensively studied ever since the rediscovery of Mendel’s law of inheritance and much has been learned about the genetic control of trait differences between crops and their ancestors. Here, we ask how domestication has altered genetic architecture by comparing the genetic architecture of 18 domestication traits in maize and its ancestor teosinte using matched populations. We observed a strongly reduced number of QTL for domestication traits in maize relative to teosinte, which is consistent with the previously reported depletion of additive variance by selection during domestication. We also observed more dominance in maize than teosinte, likely a consequence of selective removal of additive variants. We observed that large effect QTL have low minor allele frequency (MAF) in both maize and teosinte. Regions of the genome that are strongly differentiated between teosinte and maize (high F_ST) explain less quantitative variation in maize than teosinte, suggesting that, in these regions, allelic variants were brought to (or near) fixation during domestication. We also observed that genomic regions of high recombination explain a disproportionately large proportion of heritable variance both before and after domestication. Finally, we observed that about 75% of the additive variance in both teosinte and maize is “missing” in the sense that it cannot be ascribed to detectable QTL and only 25% of variance maps to specific QTL. This latter result suggests that morphological evolution during domestication is largely attributable to very large numbers of QTL of very small effect.

Klíčová slova:

Crop genetics – Domestic animals – Heredity – Maize – Natural selection – Plant genomics – Population genetics – Quantitative trait loci

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