Mitochondrial dynamics in parasitic protists

English version

Autoři: Luboš Voleman ^aff001; Pavel Doležal ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Prague, Czech Republic ^aff001
Vyšlo v časopise: Mitochondrial dynamics in parasitic protists. PLoS Pathog 15(11): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008008
Kategorie: Review
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008008

Souhrn

The shape and number of mitochondria respond to the metabolic needs during the cell cycle of the eukaryotic cell. In the best-studied model systems of animals and fungi, the cells contain many mitochondria, each carrying its own nucleoid. The organelles, however, mostly exist as a dynamic network, which undergoes constant cycles of division and fusion. These mitochondrial dynamics are driven by intricate protein machineries centered around dynamin-related proteins (DRPs). Here, we review recent advances on the dynamics of mitochondria and mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs) of parasitic protists. In contrast to animals and fungi, many parasitic protists from groups of Apicomplexa or Kinetoplastida carry only a single mitochondrion with a single nucleoid. In these groups, mitochondrial division is strictly coupled to the cell cycle, and the morphology of the organelle responds to the cell differentiation during the parasite life cycle. On the other hand, anaerobic parasitic protists such as Giardia, Entamoeba, and Trichomonas contain multiple MROs that have lost their organellar genomes. We discuss the function of DRPs, the occurrence of mitochondrial fusion, and mitophagy in the parasitic protists from the perspective of eukaryote evolution.

Klíčová slova:

Cell cycle and cell division – Cellular structures and organelles – Mitochondria – Parasitic life cycles – Protists – Toxoplasma gondii – Trypanosoma – Parasitic cell cycles

Zdroje

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