A molecular barcode to inform the geographical origin and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium vivax malaria

English version

Autoři: Ernest Diez Benavente ^aff001; Monica Campos ^aff001; Jody Phelan ^aff001; Debbie Nolder ^aff001; Jamille G. Dombrowski ^aff002; Claudio R. F. Marinho ^aff002; Kanlaya Sriprawat ^aff003; Aimee R. Taylor ^aff004; James Watson ^aff006; Cally Roper ^aff001; Francois Nosten ^aff003; Colin J. Sutherland ^aff001; Susana Campino ^aff001; Taane G. Clark ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Faculty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom ^aff001; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil ^aff002; Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Mae Sot, Tak, Thailand ^aff003; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff004; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff005; Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine Research Building, University of Oxford Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom ^aff006; Mahidol Oxford Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand ^aff007; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom ^aff008
Vyšlo v časopise: A molecular barcode to inform the geographical origin and transmission dynamics of Plasmodium vivax malaria. PLoS Genet 16(2): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008576
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008576

Souhrn

Although Plasmodium vivax parasites are the predominant cause of malaria outside of sub-Saharan Africa, they not always prioritised by elimination programmes. P. vivax is resilient and poses challenges through its ability to re-emerge from dormancy in the human liver. With observed growing drug-resistance and the increasing reports of life-threatening infections, new tools to inform elimination efforts are needed. In order to halt transmission, we need to better understand the dynamics of transmission, the movement of parasites, and the reservoirs of infection in order to design targeted interventions. The use of molecular genetics and epidemiology for tracking and studying malaria parasite populations has been applied successfully in P. falciparum species and here we sought to develop a molecular genetic tool for P. vivax. By assembling the largest set of P. vivax whole genome sequences (n = 433) spanning 17 countries, and applying a machine learning approach, we created a 71 SNP barcode with high predictive ability to identify geographic origin (91.4%). Further, due to the inclusion of markers for within population variability, the barcode may also distinguish local transmission networks. By using P. vivax data from a low-transmission setting in Malaysia, we demonstrate the potential ability to infer outbreak events. By characterising the barcoding SNP genotypes in P. vivax DNA sourced from UK travellers (n = 132) to ten malaria endemic countries predominantly not used in the barcode construction, we correctly predicted the geographic region of infection origin. Overall, the 71 SNP barcode outperforms previously published genotyping methods and when rolled-out within new portable platforms, is likely to be an invaluable tool for informing targeted interventions towards elimination of this resilient human malaria.

Klíčová slova:

Asia – Genomics – Malaria – Molecular genetics – Phylogenetic analysis – Plasmodium – principal component analysis – Trees

Zdroje

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