Imaginal disc growth factor maintains cuticle structure and controls melanization in the spot pattern formation of Bombyx mori
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Yun Gao aff001; Yun-Cai Liu aff001; Shun-Ze Jia aff001; Yan-Ting Liang aff001; Yu Tang aff001; Yu-Song Xu aff001; Hideki Kawasak aff002; Hua-Bing Wang aff001; Hideki Kawasaki aff002
Působiště autorů:
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
aff001; Faculty of Agriculture, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Gunma, Japan
aff002
Vyšlo v časopise:
Imaginal disc growth factor maintains cuticle structure and controls melanization in the spot pattern formation of Bombyx mori. PLoS Genet 16(9): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008980
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008980
Souhrn
The complex stripes and patterns of insects play key roles in behavior and ecology. However, the fine-scale regulation mechanisms underlying pigment formation and morphological divergence remain largely unelucidated. Here we demonstrated that imaginal disc growth factor (IDGF) maintains cuticle structure and controls melanization in spot pattern formation of Bombyx mori. Moreover, our knockout experiments showed that IDGF is suggested to impact the expression levels of the ecdysone inducible transcription factor E75A and pleiotropic factors apt-like and Toll8/spz3, to further control the melanin metabolism. Furthermore, the untargeted metabolomics analyses revealed that BmIDGF significantly affected critical metabolites involved in phenylalanine, beta-alanine, purine, and tyrosine metabolism pathways. Our findings highlighted not only the universal function of IDGF to the maintenance of normal cuticle structure but also an underexplored space in the gene function affecting melanin formation. Therefore, this study furthers our understanding of insect pigment metabolism and melanin pattern polymorphisms.
Klíčová slova:
Insects – Larvae – Melanin – Metabolic pathways – Metabolites – Metabolomics – Molting – Purine metabolism
Zdroje
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