Rare genetic variation at transcription factor binding sites modulates local DNA methylation profiles

English version

Autoři: Alejandro Martin-Trujillo ^aff001; Nihir Patel ^aff001; Felix Richter ^aff001; Bharati Jadhav ^aff001; Paras Garg ^aff001; Sarah U. Morton ^aff002; David M. McKean ^aff003; Steven R. DePalma ^aff004; Elizabeth Goldmuntz ^aff006; Dorota Gruber ^aff008; Richard Kim ^aff009; Jane W. Newburger ^aff010; George A. Porter, Jr. ^aff012; Alessandro Giardini ^aff013; Daniel Bernstein ^aff014; Martin Tristani-Firouzi ^aff015; Jonathan G. Seidman ^aff004; Christine E. Seidman ^aff003; Wendy K. Chung ^aff016; Bruce D. Gelb ^aff001; Andrew J. Sharp ^aff001
Působiště autorů: The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute and Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America ^aff001; Department of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff002; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff003; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff004; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff005; Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America ^aff006; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perlman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America ^aff007; Department of Pediatrics, Cohen Children’s Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY, Unites States of America ^aff008; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America ^aff009; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff010; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff011; Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States of America ^aff012; Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, England ^aff013; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America ^aff014; Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America ^aff015; Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America ^aff016; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America ^aff017; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America ^aff018
Vyšlo v časopise: Rare genetic variation at transcription factor binding sites modulates local DNA methylation profiles. PLoS Genet 16(11): e1009189. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1009189
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009189

Souhrn

Although DNA methylation is the best characterized epigenetic mark, the mechanism by which it is targeted to specific regions in the genome remains unclear. Recent studies have revealed that local DNA methylation profiles might be dictated by cis-regulatory DNA sequences that mainly operate via DNA-binding factors. Consistent with this finding, we have recently shown that disruption of CTCF-binding sites by rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) can underlie cis-linked DNA methylation changes in patients with congenital anomalies. These data raise the hypothesis that rare genetic variation at transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) might contribute to local DNA methylation patterning.

In this work, by combining blood genome-wide DNA methylation profiles, whole genome sequencing-derived SNVs from 247 unrelated individuals along with 133 predicted TFBS motifs derived from ENCODE ChIP-Seq data, we observed an association between the disruption of binding sites for multiple TFs by rare SNVs and extreme DNA methylation values at both local and, to a lesser extent, distant CpGs. While the majority of these changes affected only single CpGs, 24% were associated with multiple outlier CpGs within ±1kb of the disrupted TFBS. Interestingly, disruption of functionally constrained sites within TF motifs lead to larger DNA methylation changes at nearby CpG sites. Altogether, these findings suggest that rare SNVs at TFBS negatively influence TF-DNA binding, which can lead to an altered local DNA methylation profile. Furthermore, subsequent integration of DNA methylation and RNA-Seq profiles from cardiac tissues enabled us to observe an association between rare SNV-directed DNA methylation and outlier expression of nearby genes.

In conclusion, our findings not only provide insights into the effect of rare genetic variation at TFBS on shaping local DNA methylation and its consequences on genome regulation, but also provide a rationale to incorporate DNA methylation data to interpret the functional role of rare variants.

Klíčová slova:

DNA methylation – Gene disruption – Gene expression – Genetic polymorphism – Genetics – Genomics – Methylation – Sequence motif analysis

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